Summer Steps for a Sharper Brain: Guide to the health benefits of walking this summer

If you can build a healthy habit this summer, we highly recommend walking. The evidence on the positives of walking is very well established. With a new study finding that it is associated with slower cognitive decline, we think it’s a great time to remind ourselves of the benefits of walking. In this article we look at how to make the most of walking this summer in New Zealand.

Group of women walking in the summer

New research on walking and cognitive decline

In a new paper published in Nature Medicine, researchers found that physical activity was associated with slower rates of cognitive decline. Researchers analysed data from participants aged 50-90 years old in the Havard Aging Brain Study who were cognitively unimpaired at the beginning of the study.

 

They found that cognitive decline was delayed by on average, three years. The research team found that inactive older adults took around 7 years to show signs of cognitive decline, while the low to moderately active group took around 10 to 14 years to show signs of decline.

 

Low activity was defined as 3,001 to 5,000 steps a day, moderate activity was defined as 5,001 to 7,500 steps a day.

How much walking do you need to do this summer?

The simple answer to this question is any amount of consistent walking is great, from just a short brisk walk each day to the famous 10,000 steps a day. Your daily walking target should be whatever is sustainable for you to do consistently at the time.

We can see from research that a general goal should be 30 minutes of activity a day or around 4,000 steps, which can be achieved through planned walks or by adding walking into your daily routine.

Here are a few things to keep in mind

  • Getting started is a process, so if you have been inactive over the winter, it’s alright to start with just a short slow walk. Gradually build up over time to your ideal daily target.
  • The walks add up, if you can’t reach your daily target in one walk you can always do multiple shorter walks over the day.
  • Get your steps in while going about your day, for example you could walk to get a coffee, or park a little further away from your destination.

How can I stay safe while walking over summer?

Walking in the summer is fantastic – but with our strong sun and hot weather it is always best to take precautions.

 

  • Time your walks to avoid peak UV and high temperatures. Mornings and evenings are the best times to walk.
  • Dress smart, choose to wear lightweight, breathable clothing, a sun hat, sunglasses and comfortable, supportive shoes.
  • Hydrate properly before your walk, bring a water bottle with you, and remember to sip from it regularly.
  • Know the signs of heat exhaustion: heavy sweating, dizziness, headache, nausea, muscle cramps, and extreme fatigue.
  • Pace yourself, especially if the weather is hot. Make sure to pace yourself, limit your walking time, and take breaks if necessary.
  • Walk indoors if the temperature or humidity is just too high. Find an air-conditioned space like a mall, gym or community centre where you can get some steps in somewhere more comfortable.

Who should take extra care walking during the summer and when to seek help

Walking is safe for most people; however, you should take extra care if you:

  • Have a history of cardiovascular disease, heart attack or stroke.
  • Frequently become breathless or have dizzy spells.
  • Have poorly controlled diabetes or high blood pressure.
  • Are taking diuretics, sedatives, or heart and blood pressure medicines.
  • Are recovering from a recent fall, illness or surgery.

Resources:

  • Yau, WY.W., Kirn, D.R., Rabin, J.S. et al. Physical activity as a modifiable risk factor in preclinical Alzheimer’s disease. Nat Med (2025). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41591-025-03955-6
  • Alzheimer’s Disease Research – What are Alzheimer’s Plaques and Tangles? (External Link)
  • Age Concern – Physical activity and exercise (External Link)
  • Eldernet – How can I stay safe and healthy over summer? (External Link)

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